Выброс бурильной трубы при работе буровой установки в 300-метровой водяной скважине: Основные причины и практические меры предосторожности

Апрель 10, 2026

I. Core Causes (One-Sentence Summary)

Drill pipe ejection results from mud pressure build-up, loose threads, improper tripping, or forced tripping after borehole collapse/sticking, causing unbalanced stress or sudden pressure surges that dislodge, fracture, or eject the pipe.

II. Operational Precautions (Full Process Risk Mitigation)

1. Pre-Drilling: Source Risk Prevention

Inspect all drill pipe threads; replace worn/slipped/deformed parts, tighten to standard, and apply thread lubricant/sealant.
Verify drilling fluid ratio, clear circulation system blockages, remove on-site obstacles, and set up safety barriers.

2. Drilling: Strictly Control Parameters, Conduct Real-time Monitoring, Prevent Pressure Build-up/Borehole Collapse

Maintain unobstructed drilling fluid circulation; trip the drill pipe regularly to clean cuttings at the hole bottom and eliminate mud pressure build-up caused by cuttings blockage.
Strictly control the torque and rotational speed during deep well drilling; slow down the speed when passing through complex formation sections. Observe the borehole wall condition in real time and stop drilling immediately if signs of spalling or collapse are found, then perform timely borehole wall protection.

3. Pipe Tripping/Extraction: Standardize Operation, Forbid Brute Force, Avoid Tensile Dislodgment Caused by Stress

Trip the drill pipe at a constant and slow speed for 300m deep well drilling; strictly prohibit rapid tripping to reduce frictional resistance between the drill pipe and borehole wall and prevent sudden tensile dislodgment due to instant stress.
Do not perform forced tripping if the drill pipe is stuck; first identify the cause of sticking (borehole collapse/cuttings accumulation), take stuck pipe release measures, and then trip the drill pipe slowly.

4. Universal for the Entire Process: Conduct Effective Monitoring, Standardize Operation, Strengthen Protection

Observe the drill pipe connections, drilling fluid pressure and borehole wall condition in real time during operation; stop the machine immediately in case of abnormalities and strictly prohibit operation with faults.
Operators shall wear protective equipment; no personnel are allowed to stand directly in front of the drill pipe to prevent injury from ejected drill pipes.
Regularly maintain the transmission and connection parts of the drilling rig to ensure stable equipment operation and reduce thread loosening caused by vibration.