Funcionamiento estándar de la perforación en el fondo del pozo | Prácticas de los trabajadores in situ

As core equipment for mining and engineering construction, the standardization of on-site DTH drill rig operation is directly related to operational safety, construction efficiency and equipment service life. Combined with the actual operating scenarios of mining and construction sites, the core on-site operation precautions are specified as follows for frontline operators and management personnel to follow and implement:

• Pre-Operation Preparation

1.Operators must be certified and wear full PPE (safety helmet, protective goggles, labor protection shoes, dust mask, etc.). Operating under alcohol or fatigue is strictly prohibited.

2.Fully inspect the equipment: Ensure drill rods/bits are intact without excessive wear; hydraulic/pneumatic systems are leak-free with rated pressure; circuit wiring is secure without faults.

3.Clear and prepare the site: Remove obstacles and loose stones, set up safety signs, and ban unauthorized personnel. Conduct gas and ventilation tests for underground/enclosed spaces; build protective platforms for high-altitude/edge operations.

4.Secure the rig properly: Fully extend outriggers with steel plates/timbers underneath (no soft soil/loose stones). Calibrate the rig to keep it level and drill rod vertical. Reinforce with ground anchors/cables/counterweights on slopes or soft ground to prevent sliding and overturning.

• In-Operation Norms

1.Start up by the rule of “low speed first, no-load first”: Run no-load to check equipment flexibility, and start drilling only when the rig is stable.

2.Standardize drilling operations: Adopt low speed and small thrust for hole opening to ensure verticality. Adjust rotation speed, thrust and impact frequency based on rock hardness; forbidden forced drilling.

3.Do well in slag discharge and cooling: Clear rock slag in time to avoid jamming. Strengthen dust prevention for dry drilling; keep stable cooling water pressure for wet drilling to protect the bit from overheating.

4.Full-time special supervision is required: Monitor equipment status at all times and stop the machine immediately if abnormal noise, oil leakage or pressure deviation occurs. Touching rotating parts and leaving the post without permission are strictly prohibited. Clarify division of labor for multi-person operation.

• Abnormality Disposal

1.Stop the machine at once in case of drill jamming, sudden rock changes or drill rod bending. Handle jamming by reversing and lightly lifting the drill rod; avoid forced pulling/rotating to prevent fracture.

2.If outrigger displacement, loose padding or rig inclination is found, stop operation, readjust and reinforce the rig before resuming work.

3.For hydraulic/pneumatic or circuit faults, cut off power and hydraulic supply after shutdown. Only professional maintenance personnel are allowed to inspect and repair the equipment.

• Whole-Process Requirements

1.Implement dust control for open-air operations; keep ventilation equipment running for underground work and detect harmful gases regularly, evacuating immediately if the standard is exceeded.

2.Regularly check outrigger fixation, drill tool wear and pipeline connections, and keep operation records to eliminate potential hazards in time.

3.Strictly prohibit drilling beyond the equipment’s rated depth and aperture to avoid irreversible equipment damage caused by non-standard operation.